HAZID
Hazard Identification Study
HAZID (Hazard Identification Study) is the early-stage hazard identification process in EPC project lifecycle that identifies potential hazards before detailed design begins. HAZID typically runs during conceptual or front-end engineering design (FEED) and supports siting decisions, layout optimisation, and risk-based design choices. HAZID precedes the more detailed HAZOP study and is commonly conducted on refineries, petrochemical plants, LNG terminals, and offshore installations.
Full Definition
HAZID (Hazard Identification Study) is the structured safety review conducted during early project stages (conceptual design, FEED) to identify potential hazards from external sources (natural hazards, environmental factors), internal sources (process hazards, equipment failure modes), and operational sources (human factors, maintenance). HAZID outputs inform siting decisions, plot plan layout, equipment spacing, fire-water capacity, and emergency response provisions. HAZID precedes HAZOP (which operates on detailed P&IDs in subsequent project stages). Both studies are mandatory at greenfield refineries and petrochemical plants in India under OISD framework. See the HAZOP Safety Intelligence pillar for the downstream HAZOP workflow.
Context & Detail
HAZID scope
HAZID covers external hazards (natural disasters, neighbouring industrial facilities, traffic accidents), internal process hazards (toxic release, fire, explosion, pressure failure), operational hazards (operator error, maintenance error, equipment failure), and human factors (procedures, training, fatigue). The output is a structured hazard register with hazard description, consequence, frequency estimate, and mitigation recommendation.
HAZID workflow
HAZID is typically conducted as a workshop with project engineering, process safety, operations representatives, and external safety facilitator. The team systematically walks through project drawings (plot plan, PFD) and identifies hazards using checklists or structured methodology. Findings are recorded in the HAZID register with severity, frequency, and recommendation tracking.
HAZID vs HAZOP
HAZID and HAZOP are complementary safety reviews. HAZID is the early-stage hazard identification using plot plans, PFDs, and conceptual designs. HAZOP is the detailed deviation analysis using P&IDs in node-by-node review. HAZID outputs inform the HAZOP scope. Both studies are mandatory on greenfield projects; the two studies together cover the full hazard identification lifecycle.
EPC Usage
- 01
Greenfield refinery, petrochemical, and LNG terminal EPC projects conduct HAZID during conceptual or FEED phase to inform siting and layout decisions. HAZID typically runs 2-4 weeks per major facility.
- 02
Indian PSU greenfield projects (capacity expansion, new refinery) conduct HAZID per OISD framework requirements. Findings inform CCOE licence application packaging.
- 03
Offshore installations (oil and gas production platforms, FPSOs, offshore wind farms) conduct HAZID with specialised offshore hazard checklists covering marine hazards, dropped objects, and emergency evacuation.
- 04
Brownfield revamp projects conduct HAZID for new modification scope. The HAZID identifies hazards introduced by the modification and recommends mitigation before detailed design.
- 05
EPC contractors deliver HAZID reports as a formal project deliverable signed off by client process safety engineering before detailed design phase begins.
How Pathnovo Handles It
Pathnovo's HAZOP Safety Intelligence pillar handles HAZID register digitisation from PDF reports alongside the downstream HAZOP register digitisation. Pathnovo extracts hazard description, severity, frequency, mitigation recommendation, and closure status from HAZID and HAZOP reports for combined safety lifecycle traceability. Used by Indian PSU refineries and EPC contractors on OISD audit preparation.
Frequently Asked Questions
What does HAZID stand for?
HAZID stands for Hazard Identification Study. In EPC engineering, HAZID is the early-stage hazard identification process conducted during conceptual or front-end engineering design (FEED) to identify potential hazards before detailed design begins. HAZID precedes the more detailed HAZOP study.
What is the difference between HAZID and HAZOP?
HAZID is the early-stage hazard identification using plot plans, PFDs, and conceptual designs. HAZOP is the detailed deviation analysis using P&IDs in node-by-node review. HAZID outputs inform the HAZOP scope. Both studies are mandatory on greenfield projects; the two studies together cover the full hazard identification lifecycle.
When is HAZID conducted?
HAZID is typically conducted during conceptual design or FEED phase, before detailed engineering begins. The output informs siting decisions, plot plan layout, equipment spacing, fire-water capacity, and emergency response provisions. HAZID precedes detailed P&ID-based HAZOP studies.
Who participates in HAZID?
HAZID is typically conducted as a workshop with project engineering, process safety, operations representatives, and an external safety facilitator. The facilitator leads the team through plot plans and PFDs using structured hazard checklists. Findings are recorded in the HAZID register.
Is HAZID mandatory in India?
HAZID is mandatory on Indian greenfield refinery and petrochemical projects per OISD framework. Findings inform CCOE licence application packaging and provide hazard documentation for MoPNG / OISD audit preparation. See the OISD 118 standard for the broader framework.
Related Pages
HAZOP Safety Intelligence
HAZID and HAZOP register digitisation across safety lifecycle.
OISD 118 Standard
Indian regulatory framework requiring HAZID for petroleum installations.
CCOE Standard
CCOE licensing supported by HAZID hazard documentation.
Indian EPC Compliance Bundle
Unified IBR + OISD + PESO + CCOE compliance with HAZID input.
LOPA Standard
Layer of Protection Analysis as downstream hazard quantification.
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